James Black is Assistant Director of the Defence and Security group at RAND Europe, the European arm of RAND, the world's largest non-profit policy research organisation. He also serves as European Lead for the RAND Space Enterprise Initiative (RSEI), a global hub for RAND's space-related research, analysis and wargaming for national governments and EU and NATO institutions. In this capacity, he has led various RAND projects supporting the UK Space Agency, BEIS, DSIT, RHC, FCDO, Dstl and MOD to support development and implementation of UK space strategy.